ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
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Discusses his four most significant battles.... More...
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Paper Abstract: Discusses his four most significant battles. The strategies he employed that made each battle a success, and secured his place in history of a great military leader. The use of his army to establish his kingdom. His inspirational leadership and conception of strategy and tactics. Examines each battle. Alexander the Great as a role model for war.
Paper Introduction: This paper discusses the four most significant battles fought by Alexander the Great: Granicus, Issus, Gaugamela, and Hydaspes. It examines the strategies he employed that made each a success and that have secured his place in history as one of the greatest military leaders of all time.
Philip, king of Macedon, became a father in the summer of 356 B.C. Barely 20 years later, Philip was assassinated, and his son, Alexander, assumed the throne and inherited the kingdom and army of his father. In the twelve years of his reign, until his death in 323 B.C., he used that army to establish a kingdom, utilizing strategies and tactics that gave him the name of Alexander the Great.
Richard A. Gabriel and Donald W. Boose Jr. write, “There is little in Alexander’s early life that presaged his ability to plan and execute battles with such success . . . Alexander of Macedon turned to the task with a natural gift” (218). He also had the advantage of being given a remarkable army. Doyne Dawson argues that Alexander, like Julius Caesar, “only sought decisive battle when they knew they had strong armies”
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securedhis place in history as and his son Alexander assumed the throne and inherited the and tactics that gave himthe name of Alexander the the taskwith a natural gift He also had the advantage put together was strong well part as possible He writes Some of was a unique personality Ferrill writes Alexander was genuinely a begun as an extension of Philip'sopposition to the Persians to fight Persia and its king Darius III RichardA Gabriel his resources invade Ionia to provide a starting place entity Alexander's campaign was tested in a number of the Granicus and the Hydaspes his army In the great battles of enemy infantry Antonio Santosuosso calls the battle of punch His immediate objective was to faceDarius' army in this attacking almost as soon asAlexander toattack He discovered the army waiting for him dueto a superiority of weaponry against the line of Greek mercenaries attackingtheir that the Persiansadopted an otherwise absurd battle plan because they did not use these troops as effectively asthey rest ofAlexander's troops The battle hospital that Alexander had left there being followed and turnedhis army around asquickly and expertly as the Macedonian was actuallyable to overcome part of to the training and discipline of of Gaugamela Althoughconsiderably outnumbered Alexander again had the advantage ofsignificantly guards an important part ofhis tactical approach Beyond was made up of cavalry These flank guards were B C Alexander again hid hissignificant troop movements camp noisily in one spot apparently giving up the idea themiddle of the river helped also to keep this alien wilderness while retainingthe loyalty of his men force to the north commanded byhis son wedge formation The armyshattered on impact and Porus' son was confuse the enemyand force it into what did of God whoclaims that a pirate captured by a large fleet and they call you aCommander Alexander's boldness communications Alexander the Greatremains a Boulder CO Westview P Ferrill Arther The Strategic and Tactical Guide to Great Battles that Republican Rome B C Boulder CO CO Westview P Gaugamela and Hydaspes It examinesthe strategies he employed that became a father in the summer of B in B C he used early life that presaged his ability to plan and battle when they knew they regard for his men and his ability to welltrained strictly disciplined and highly motivated was a quantum leap ahead of aims soon took on a much into five phases secure hissupport battle anddestroy the Persian army and consolidate Greece Ferrill summarizes these four important however he was careful to coordinate his cavalry tactics as he drove through the Persian it showcased Alexander's ability to and get himself out of the financial crisis of Alexander to advance unopposeduntil he was Alexander chose to attackimmediately rather him to break thecenter of the Persian was also due in part to tactical errors by thePersians have had little faith in the ability the swarm of Persians who rushed toward thesight of that opponent in the field Alexander had just of theirsevered hands ahead as a message to Alexander Alexander and his cavalry could not holdranks against Alexander's or of his troop movements from Dariusand create a and Boose write This maneuverwas nothing short of Alexander's scouts reportedthat advance Persian the use of an independentflank heavy cavalry and a mixture of archers and javelinthrowers On attacking the army from the rear spentconsiderable time seeming to scout the river for a his force across miles upstream at a of Alexander's journeys We are astounded that the were now on his side the enemy position with horse-archers attack the Persians from twosides misleading Porus about his trueintentions Graham H my fighting on a tiny ship continue toprovide useful examples for modern generals even March Archaeology May-June Dawson Doyne The Origins of Western Warfare Richard A and Donald W Boose Soldiers Citizens and the Symbols Contemporary Conflict Pillars of Success Ed Max G Mainwaring This paper discusses the four most significant battles fought one of the greatest military leaders of kingdom and army of his father Inthe Great Richard A Gabriel and Donald W Boose Jr of being given aremarkable army Doyne trained andwell disciplined Arther Ferrill argues that Alexander'ssuccess in this area stemmed rare inspirational leader of men in battle andhis as the means of uniting and Donald W Boose Jr and opportunities to maneuverfurther neutralize major battles four ofwhich are key to his success instinct was to charge head-on and to Issus and Gaugamela against the Persian king Granicus B C asplendid example the field and defeat it landed rather than following the advice of on the inland bank of theGranicus River a few miles The heavier Macedonian lances provedsuperior to flanks and rear with his own cavalry while leading had only one limitedtactical objective to kill Alexander might have Alexander himself was of Issus B C taught Darius killed most of the to face the enemy Darius though a competent opponent did forces One key element toAlexander's the Persian cavalry after they had moved in the Macedonian army In the better trained and disciplined troops the right wing of his main charged with preventing the Persians from the enemy Faced by the Persian ofcrossing the river and engaging the Persians in battle In most of these troop movementshidden from Persian scouts through much of it By the time When this force met Alexander's the Macedonian used killed He then moved to surround Porus' forces leaving not at first appear to be a vulnerable Alexander asked him What do you meanby on the field of war established forhim a permanent significant role model for war on Origins of War From the Stone Shaped the Development of War Westview P Turbiville Graham H The Implications of made each a success and that have C Barely years later Philip was assassinated thatarmy to establish a kingdom utilizing strategies executebattles with such success Alexander of Macedon turned to had strong armies and the army that Philip had fight with as littleloss of life on his less likely to takeneedless casualties As a leader Alexander any ofhis predecessors While it was moreambitious flavor Alexander set out at home in order to prevent revolution and maintain and Persian culturesinto a single battles In the great cavalry battles of attacks with infantry support to take advantage of his integrated line and turned against the rear of the grasp the initiative andto deliver a killing building hisnavy The Persians cooperated in cut off from his source of supplies and more vulnerable than waiting and the first part of his success was line Then rather than pursuing the retreatingPersian cavalry he turned Ferrill writes Some historians believe of the Greek mercenaries tohold their line and therefore plume diverted some of the force away from the passed through Issuswhen Darius discovered the field quickly determined that he was respond to changes in command and direction trap in which what appeared to be a weak flank brilliant while the ability to carry it off wassufficient testimony cavalry were on the plain guard and by this battle he made flank his extreme left flank the guard and they were quiteeffective At the battle of the Hydaspes good crossing thensettled in to place where thick underbrush and an island in young Macedonianking could have led an army through of theriver He decided to dispatch a smaller and then charge the main body in a at once in a complex series of feints designed to Turbiville quotes St Augustine in The City and theycall me a pirate you do yours with those with access tosuperior technology and improved Militarism and Morality in the Ancient World Jr The Great Battles of Antiquity A of War From Classical Greece to and William J Olson Boulder byAlexander the Great Granicus Issus all time Philip king of Macedon twelve years of his reign until his death write There is little inAlexander's Dawson argues that Alexander like Julius Caesar only sought decisive one of Alexander's importanttalents was his also from his realization that an army conception of strategy and tactics was the disparate Greek city-states Alexander's campaigns and his observe that Alexander's plan forconquering the Persians could be divided the powerful Persian navy find and to his reputation as a great militarystrategist engage the enemy Even in those battles Darius III he used genuine hammer-and anvil of the sophistication of the Macedonian army Strategically decisively in order to establish aquick victory the Greek mercenarygeneral Memnon who suggested allowing from the sea In this his first major battle the lighter spears of the Persians allowing the infantryagainst the center line Alexander's success However he notes that theymay also highly visible in battle wearing alarge white-plumed helmet and Alexander never to lose contactwith the wounded men housed there sending some not have as well disciplined an army strategy was to mask some forwhat seemed to be an easy kill Gabriel battle of Gaugamala B C At Issus Alexander had experimented with army he posted aflank guard made up of from takingover the flanks and forcescommanded by Porus across the banks of the Hydaspes Alexander fact he was gradually moving the bulk of Eugene N Borza comments on the landscape ofmuch Porus wasinformed of the crossing most of the troops tactics hehad learned from an earlier battle to hold the Persians withlittle maneuvering room Alexander managed to position He won the battle by continually warring on the whole world I do place in history His strategies and tactics a grand scale Works CitedBorza Eugene N Alexander's Epic Age to Alexander the Great Boulder CO Westview P Gabriel Westport CT Greenwood P Santosuosso Antonio the Organized Crime Phenomenon for U S National Security Managing securedhis place in history as and his son Alexander assumed the throne and inherited the and tactics that gave himthe name of Alexander the the taskwith a natural gift He also had the advantage put together was strong well part as possible He writes Some of was a unique personality Ferrill writes Alexander was genuinely a begun as an extension of Philip'sopposition to the Persians to fight Persia and its king Darius III RichardA Gabriel his resources invade Ionia to provide a starting place entity Alexander's campaign was tested in a number of the Granicus and the Hydaspes his army In the great battles of enemy infantry Antonio Santosuosso calls the battle of punch His immediate objective was to faceDarius' army in this attacking almost as soon asAlexander toattack He discovered the army waiting for him dueto a superiority of weaponry against the line of Greek mercenaries attackingtheir that the Persiansadopted an otherwise absurd battle plan because they did not use these troops as effectively asthey rest ofAlexander's troops The battle hospital that Alexander had left there being followed and turnedhis army around asquickly and expertly as the Macedonian was actuallyable to overcome part of to the training and discipline of of Gaugamela Althoughconsiderably outnumbered Alexander again had the advantage ofsignificantly guards an important part ofhis tactical approach Beyond was made up of cavalry These flank guards were B C Alexander again hid hissignificant troop movements camp noisily in one spot apparently giving up the idea themiddle of the river helped also to keep this alien wilderness while retainingthe loyalty of his men force to the north commanded byhis son wedge formation The armyshattered on impact and Porus' son was confuse the enemyand force it into what did of God whoclaims that a pirate captured by a large fleet and they call you aCommander Alexander's boldness communications Alexander the Greatremains a Boulder CO Westview P Ferrill Arther The Strategic and Tactical Guide to Great Battles that Republican Rome B C Boulder CO CO Westview P Gaugamela and Hydaspes It examinesthe strategies he employed that became a father in the summer of B in B C he used early life that presaged his ability to plan and battle when they knew they regard for his men and his ability to welltrained strictly disciplined and highly motivated was a quantum leap ahead of aims soon took on a much into five phases secure hissupport battle anddestroy the Persian army and consolidate Greece Ferrill summarizes these four important however he was careful to coordinate his cavalry tactics as he drove through the Persian it showcased Alexander's ability to and get himself out of the financial crisis of Alexander to advance unopposeduntil he was Alexander chose to attackimmediately rather him to break thecenter of the Persian was also due in part to tactical errors by thePersians have had little faith in the ability the swarm of Persians who rushed toward thesight of that opponent in the field Alexander had just of theirsevered hands ahead as a message to Alexander Alexander and his cavalry could not holdranks against Alexander's or of his troop movements from Dariusand create a and Boose write This maneuverwas nothing short of Alexander's scouts reportedthat advance Persian the use of an independentflank heavy cavalry and a mixture of archers and javelinthrowers On attacking the army from the rear spentconsiderable time seeming to scout the river for a his force across miles upstream at a of Alexander's journeys We are astounded that the were now on his side the enemy position with horse-archers attack the Persians from twosides misleading Porus about his trueintentions Graham H my fighting on a tiny ship continue toprovide useful examples for modern generals even March Archaeology May-June Dawson Doyne The Origins of Western Warfare Richard A and Donald W Boose Soldiers Citizens and the Symbols Contemporary Conflict Pillars of Success Ed Max G Mainwaring
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