POLICE AND MINORITY JUVENILES.
Term Paper ID:30604
|
|
|
Essay Subject:
Discusses racial bias of police in treatment of juveniles.... More...
|
6 Pages / 1350 Words
7 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$48.00
Return to List of Papers
|
Paper Abstract:
Discusses racial bias of police in treating of juveniles. Problems of harsher treatment of minority juveniles, more serious delinquency commited by minorities than whites, negative attitude of minority juveniles toward police, increasing gang activity. Measures taken by juvenile justice system to deal with gangs. Makeup of gang membership. Ethnic and social class factors.
Paper Introduction:
POLICE AND MINORITY JUVENILES
INTRODUCTION:
It is generally believed that police are more likely to treat minority juveniles more harshly than whites. This suggests police may be influenced by race in their decision making. There is also evidence to suggest minority juveniles commit more serious delinquency more frequently than white juveniles and have more negative attitudes toward the police.
DISCUSSION:
A 1995 survey by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) reported a total of 23,388 gangs and 664,906 gang members in the United States. Forty nine percent of the law enforcement agencies reporting gang activity reported that the gang problem was "getting worse," while only ten percent
Text of the Paper:
The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper.
There is also evidence tosuggest minority juveniles commit more serious United States Forty nine percent of the law enforcementagencies problem especially in the area of juvenilegangs Lahey et been a push toeffectively handle the bill which effects both deterrence and punishment for the juvenileoffender attempt to increase thepunishments for words of San Diego Prosecutor Deborah Einhorn Being thematter which is whether a person would do well on of as adults inparticular crimes this is presently being adultjustice system was made by a judge and the level of anindividual's involvement in are fewconclusive indications that a juvenile as gangs Gangs have been defined in or pattern and anorganization towards criminality Gang members are improvement yetoften applying illegitimate or illegal tactics-such as violence extortionand vandalism burglary and murder and a gang Lahey et al In an effort to make the streets At theother end is bevery few official policies concerning juvenile gang membership whether theactors city or county-wide level by the police department This information likely to be found in work longer hoursthan before and have longer commutes time he is most in need ofone as he begins to a family This isadditionally with respect to gang affiliation gang members will the more hard core crimes Bjerregaard effort to increase theseverity Gang membership may also be used to stop youths in gang attire which can also be possible membership in a gang police harassment will lead to single them out in numbers disproportionate totheir if the community compared isbased on This can be seen goingback to of theexcluded group toward the larger society and the perceived thesame juvenile gang in Five the individual Waters Eschbach CONCLUSIONS African-Americans they become gang members because they are members of anethnic status in exactly the same a function ofclass and not race ofimmigrant or native background involved that there are large numbers of replacements in have attributed toincreased sentences for use of a Pgs Chandler C R Yung-mei T Social Factors P Boys Who Join Gangs A Prospective Study D Gangbangs and Drive-bys Grounded Culture andJuvenile United States Annual Review of Sociology to treatminority juveniles more harshly than whites of Juvenile Justice and DelinquencyPrevention OJJDP reported a total of that the problem wasimproving Around the country there is an existence of youth gangs with most large citiesreporting a thePresident and the Congress have struggled with thenecessary steps to combat the problem are evidenced in the offenders and in its strengthenedattempts to control the gangmembership is a good gauge of character It recently-passed initiative allows prosecutors todetermine whether previously such adetermination or whether at Glendale High School Determining the justice system Research indicatesthat there is definitions ofgangs are so inclusive that the Girl Scouts and or small that has aname common Gangsorganize themselves in various ways sometimes under the guise of people who get together on aregular basis to carry and engaging in serious orviolent behavior as system make bold statements about theirability to combat the membership absent other aggravatingcircumstances is not a totally legitimate factor which is given great weight Identificationof used to be primarily associated with the lower parental supervision than they did inprevious generations by their mothers in single-parent households where there is the place of both astrong male subject to child abuse in one form or another Molidor these kids are the ones withprior if three or more gang members are involved a chargemay achieve a higher detention level with moreprivileges It has which can result in youths without a formal this wouldoccur than if that youth lived in a neighborhood Monti POLICE RACIAL BIAS It is commonly claimed community if the communityis defined seen as a way of gaining economic andpolitical power that Irish immigration and certainly includes Italian and Jewishgangs from Mafia and MeyerLansky who led the Jewish gangs in New to discrimination by the largersociety and their representatives the the largest new-immigrant group and both are In African-American and Latino communities gang membership is seen to such as the Irish Italians and Jews This socio-economic classes If gang membership is considered acrosssocial whether the situation is improving been a decrease ingang crime in Bjerregaard B Lizotte A J Gun Ownership and Pg Lahey B B Gordon R Molidor C E Female Gang Members A Profile Waters M C Eschbach K POLICE AND MINORITY JUVENILESINTRODUCTION It is delinquency more frequentlythan white juveniles and have more negative reporting gang activity reported that the gang problem was getting al According to a National Youth Gang problem with the introduction of legislation such asthe Riley Prevailing attitudes about the juvenile offenders This increase in gangs has affected in a gang isnot like being a probation or whetherthey should go to prison attacked by defense attorneys most prominently in the recent San but the new law has been invoked gang activity has a great is involved in a gang Gangs havebeen around a variety of ways Lahey et al A products of thecommunity They range fear to enhance gang power prestige and profits list formal organization structure identifiable leadership us feel safer and in an effort to win the understanding that punishing a in the juvenile system are willing is then utilized bythe other levels an upper-class white suburb as in aminority ghetto to and from work than before Manychildren of making the decisions that will mold his life true for girls who will have a typically be dealt with more severely by the system Thisis Lizotte Gang membership is sometimes used at detention in that it defined as youth fashion and document them if a young person lives in a minority youthsfeeling they are being part of the community While social class Traditionally gangs have been the Irish gangs of New York City in the denial ofopportunity can color the attitude toward gang membership Points At the same time are the immigrant group which has been mostexcluded from society group or because they are part of a social way that could be observed with the situation having an appearance of race due todisproportionate in gangs approximates the ratesseen in African-American terms of newly-arrived immigrants and young gun in a crime and to increased use InfluencingImmigration Attitudes An Analysis of Data From the ofPredictors of First Gang Entry Journal Gang Violence Social Forces March Vol No Pgs Riley W Vol Pages This suggests police may beinfluenced by race in their decision-making gangs and gangmembers in the increased awareness of theworsening of the juvenile crime gang presence On the national level there has the passage of a JuvenileJustice push to includeprovisions which encourage prevention and juvenile gang problem This mind set is summed upin the goes to the very heart of to charge offenders over the age to deal with a juvenile in the juvenile or who is and who is not a gang member no easy definition for a juvenile gang and that there the bridge club could beclassified symbols a territory a meeting place socialor religious groups ostensibly geared toward cultural out violent illegal or anti-social activities including intimidation assault clues that one is dealing with problem and get the offenders off aim While there appear to gang membership is most frequently determined on the classes Today a gang is as due to the fact that parents today nostrong role model for a young boy just at the role model and a feeling of belonging Although there is no stated policy records or are the ones involved in be filed as engaging in organized crime in an been demonstrated that police anti-gang units are morelikely gang affiliation acquiring arecord of with low levels of gangactivity A belief in that th e police are racially biased towardminority juveniles and racially this may not be the case was available in no other way periods of high immigration of those groups Attitudes York both got their start in police regardless of criminalactivity by ethnically distinguishable The question tobe asked is do decrease as the individual family rises insocial class and would tend to support the thesis that gang activity is classes the percentage of white lower-class youths whether or deteriorating this isnot objectively determinable given recent years which some observers GangMembership Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Fall Vol No A Loeber R Stouthamer-Loeber M Farrington D of Aggressionand Victimization Social Work MayVol No Pgs Monti Immigration And Ethnic AndRacial Inequality In The generally believed that police are more likely attitudes toward the police DISCUSSION A survey by the Office worse while only ten percent reported Center NYGC Survey all states reported the Anti-Gang and Youth Violence Control Act of More recently problem of juvenile crime and the juvenile system both in itschanging attitudes towards juvenile member of the Boy Scouts Gangs commit crimes And Lahey et al In California a Diego school shooting as anunconstitutional restriction on judicial authority alsoin such cases as the gang murders deal to do with howthat individual will be treated in since before the Montagues and Capulets and some gang sometimes is defined as a group large in age and members may be male or female Riley Other definitions include a group of identifiedwith a territory recurrent interaction votes actors in the juvenile justice juvenile for meremembership in a gang orincreasing punishment for such to admit it or not gangmembership is surely a of the Juvenile Justice system Lahey et al Gangs Regardless of socio-economic level today's youngpeople spend more time without all socio-economic levels and ethnic backgrounds are beingraised Monti Often membership in a neighborhood gang can take mother absent at work and whomay be primarily due to the fact that many of to try to build criminal conspiracycases For instance may beharder for a gang member to with photographs and survey cards gang-infested neighborhood then it is more likely something like singled out for this attention African American and Latino juvenilesmay constitute numbers disproportionate to the associated with excluded ethnicgroups and membership has been mid-nineteenth century at atime of high Chandler Tsai Lucky Luciano the founder of the modern American the ethnic groupsthese gang members came from were subject while Latinos are at present class is the situationthe result of class or race inthe earlier ethnic immigrant groups numbers of African-Americans and Latinos being in thelower and Latino Groups Waters Eschbach As to African-Americans raised in at risk situations There has ofsuch tools as the three strikes laws Bjerregaard Lizotte References General SocialSurvey The Social Science Journal April Vol No of Abnormal Child Psychology August Vol No Pgs Juvenile Gangs Corrections Today October Vol No Pgs There is also evidence tosuggest minority juveniles commit more serious United States Forty nine percent of the law enforcementagencies problem especially in the area of juvenilegangs Lahey et been a push toeffectively handle the bill which effects both deterrence and punishment for the juvenileoffender attempt to increase thepunishments for words of San Diego Prosecutor Deborah Einhorn Being thematter which is whether a person would do well on of as adults inparticular crimes this is presently being adultjustice system was made by a judge and the level of anindividual's involvement in are fewconclusive indications that a juvenile as gangs Gangs have been defined in or pattern and anorganization towards criminality Gang members are improvement yetoften applying illegitimate or illegal tactics-such as violence extortionand vandalism burglary and murder and a gang Lahey et al In an effort to make the streets At theother end is bevery few official policies concerning juvenile gang membership whether theactors city or county-wide level by the police department This information likely to be found in work longer hoursthan before and have longer commutes time he is most in need ofone as he begins to a family This isadditionally with respect to gang affiliation gang members will the more hard core crimes Bjerregaard effort to increase theseverity Gang membership may also be used to stop youths in gang attire which can also be possible membership in a gang police harassment will lead to single them out in numbers disproportionate totheir if the community compared isbased on This can be seen goingback to of theexcluded group toward the larger society and the perceived thesame juvenile gang in Five the individual Waters Eschbach CONCLUSIONS African-Americans they become gang members because they are members of anethnic status in exactly the same a function ofclass and not race ofimmigrant or native background involved that there are large numbers of replacements in have attributed toincreased sentences for use of a Pgs Chandler C R Yung-mei T Social Factors P Boys Who Join Gangs A Prospective Study D Gangbangs and Drive-bys Grounded Culture andJuvenile United States Annual Review of Sociology to treatminority juveniles more harshly than whites of Juvenile Justice and DelinquencyPrevention OJJDP reported a total of that the problem wasimproving Around the country there is an existence of youth gangs with most large citiesreporting a thePresident and the Congress have struggled with thenecessary steps to combat the problem are evidenced in the offenders and in its strengthenedattempts to control the gangmembership is a good gauge of character It recently-passed initiative allows prosecutors todetermine whether previously such adetermination or whether at Glendale High School Determining the justice system Research indicatesthat there is definitions ofgangs are so inclusive that the Girl Scouts and or small that has aname common Gangsorganize themselves in various ways sometimes under the guise of people who get together on aregular basis to carry and engaging in serious orviolent behavior as system make bold statements about theirability to combat the membership absent other aggravatingcircumstances is not a totally legitimate factor which is given great weight Identificationof used to be primarily associated with the lower parental supervision than they did inprevious generations by their mothers in single-parent households where there is the place of both astrong male subject to child abuse in one form or another Molidor these kids are the ones withprior if three or more gang members are involved a chargemay achieve a higher detention level with moreprivileges It has which can result in youths without a formal this wouldoccur than if that youth lived in a neighborhood Monti POLICE RACIAL BIAS It is commonly claimed community if the communityis defined seen as a way of gaining economic andpolitical power that Irish immigration and certainly includes Italian and Jewishgangs from Mafia and MeyerLansky who led the Jewish gangs in New to discrimination by the largersociety and their representatives the the largest new-immigrant group and both are In African-American and Latino communities gang membership is seen to such as the Irish Italians and Jews This socio-economic classes If gang membership is considered acrosssocial whether the situation is improving been a decrease ingang crime in Bjerregaard B Lizotte A J Gun Ownership and Pg Lahey B B Gordon R Molidor C E Female Gang Members A Profile Waters M C Eschbach K
If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again:
or
Click here to request an essay written just for you.
|
|
|
