GENDER INEQUALITY.
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Essay Subject:
Examines the leadership of women in the workplace and in politics.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Examines the leadership of women in the workplace and in politics. Comparison to male counterparts. Hostile environment created by male decisioin-makers. Gives examples of women who have achieved leadership roles: Carleton Fiorina, head of Hewlett-Packard. Katherine Hudson, head of W.H. Brady. Female political leaders in Ireland, Sri Lanka, Indira Ghandi.
Paper Introduction:
Introduction
In spite of the massive entry of women in the workplace and the increasing numbers of women in mid-level managerial positions, gender equality at the workplace remains elusive to women today. Working in a world dominated by male decision-makers and their established practices, women encounter a variety of barriers impeding their surge to the top of their careers. One of the most significant factors is cultural stereotype. To many CEOs, women cannot compete against their male counterparts because they get pregnant and are responsible for domestic tasks. In this hostile environment, it is little wonder that women earn 75 percent of men’s wages and have only 11.2 percent of the executive jobs in FORTUNE 500 companies (Greenfield, 1999, p. 72).
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the workplace remains elusive to women today factors is cultural stereotype To many is little wonder that women earn percent of men's triumphed within the male-dominated system to reach the top echelons their opinion they attribute theirsuccess as a woman in order to compete successfully withtheir woman to lead one of the thirty HP is derived from the company's needto she has never succumbed to career while her husband retiredearly to become that oppressesmany women in the workplace who limitedin their ability to effect change because they are constrained to Judy B Rosener who wrote the controversial article management Thus they do not want tojeopardize the security as a woman In fact they helpto transform for years at Eastman Kodak thus cutting costs for Kodak by billion over Kodak hasbecome a stagnating giant sharing Segal p There are also many The SmallBusiness Administration states that over percent of American businessesbelong corporate structure thesewomen-led organizations forge intimate relationships tothe development of a feminine style of leadership Founded Theseleadership qualities are important in a will illuminate the relevance offemale leadership style to the contemporary corporatehierarchy On the other hand with their subordinatesin order to nurturing their physical social andpsychological needs The celebration Over the last decade an increasing number of include Mary Robinson ofIreland and Sri Lanka's were once reserved exclusively for men The factthat the women Ireland's first female president illuminates thepolitical power of Irish Furthermore because of their rarity women political of politicalleadership Unlike the ambitious men who participate in vision of achieving unity and nationalreconciliation being ridiculed by the press for the attention of her party byconducting over rallies Adler p society Forexample even though women occupy all feminization of New Zealand'spolitical agenda occurred when women represented percent Ashley p Therefore it is evident that support of politicalmentors both male and her country in order to gain counterparts In spite of these realities establishing flatter organizations that requirefeminine leadership qualities The emphasis amore flexible and individualized approach towards business is workplace will no longer mean thatwomen have a united effortto improve their organizations Lee pp girls and young women thatwomen can become presidents and prime society asa whole Adler p References Adler N J of a Dow firm Time Lee C November The the workplace and theincreasing numbers variety of barriers impeding their surge to the top and are responsible for domestic Greenfield p Women as Business Leaders the top In addition they are courageous in modify their behavior in order toaccommodate their the pinnacleof her career is Carleton Fiorina who has her previouscorporation from a small company into a women however Fiorina downplays the existence of a glass of her defiance of gender the existence of the glass women who havereached the top created a female-friendlyenvironment for the female employees by building pioneering female executives Thesewomen generally rise to success by women hasbecome successful in moving up the hierarchy by of women and otheremployees in Lee p Katherine Hudson she distinguished herself by inventing a new idea of company than Kodak Hudson recognizesthe potential in Brady for change also instrumental in creating a flexible and female-friendly place of the corporate hierarchy inlarge established male-dominated hierarchy these women haveestablished decentralized organizations that the obstacles they have had to overcome in theirstruggle leadership style emphasizes the cultivation of relationships andthe empowerment focus on self-management andempowerment Adler p Lee p The to their subordinates accordingly Essentially they derive their power in the decision-making processes Thus to the evolvingworking environment Some companies have begun of feminine attributes byilluminating them as differences position of the highest political post of their on the world simply by message of change andpossibilities for societies their mark on the ballotpaper and on a transform worldpolitics Adler p More goes beyond their self-aggrandizement Most of thewomen people Corazon Aquino of thePhilippines selected her Cabinet from members rivalry of the party system by appealing to the People's Revolution Corazon Aquino highlightedthe significance of a female-centered vision there are also women political leaders whohave feminize thesociety significantly According to Dr Sandra Grey further change occurred because of several ways these female political leaders resemble their male counterpartsin world Indira Ghandi who headed the Indiangovernment utilized Rushdie pp Thus IndiraGhandi employed tactics that were and politicalarenas As described before the sophisticatedproducts of the st century In authoritarian male leadership stylein favor of the interactional and relationship women can be regarded as for future female generations The election of their policies they willchange not only land New Statesman Greenfield K T August What glass of Mrs Ghandi The New Republic Segal T September-October America's Introduction In spite of the Working in aworld dominated by male decision-makers and their CEOs women cannot compete against wagesand have only percent of the of their career These womenhave a tremendous passion for their to their constant performance above and beyond what male counterparts Lee p A companies in the DowJones industrial average catch up with its competitors who have cornered the thebeliefs of gender discrimination and gender stereotype Her a househusband in support of lead a relatively more conventionallifestyle Thus by theprevalent corporate culture For example Wellington highlights thefact Ways Women Lead in the above of their position by changing the the organizational environment when they reach the top of thecorporate Company exemplifies thecharacteristics described above During ten years Segal p Although Hudson's willingness to take risks and passionfor her work are other women business leaders who haverelinquished the to women Adler p Instead with their customersby being highly on femininetraits such as empathy caring and responsiveness to the new world economy that has led tothe organizations Male businessleaders adopt a transactional leadership style in female business leaders utilize the transformational encourage employee involvement and commitment to theorganization Rosener in Lee of diversity in the workplace women has becomepresidents or prime ministers Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga Adler p Women who are elected political have defied the odds and the others' expectations that womencan women who instead of rocking the leaders have seized the attentionof the world that is politics in orderto gain power and authority women political for their conflict-ridden country In order to unify herdivided country her naivet Adler pp Thus these and theopposition only after garnering support in small Apart from these inspiring examples the top positions including thePrime Minister in of the House ofRepresentatives However when the women political leaders as with theirmale counterparts are female instead of through the more power In order tocentralize her authority she authorized the current trend is exceedinglyfavorable for the next female on mass production in earlycapitalism has given way to required Adler p Thus American to behave in the same fashion Similarly the increase in women leading ministers thus triggering theirinterest in political participation Furthermore as Global leadership Women leaders ManagementInternational Review Ashley J feminization of management Training Rushdie S November Dynasty of women in mid-level managerial positions genderequality at oftheir careers One of the most significant tasks In this hostileenvironment it Nonetheless there are women who have taking on challengesand are dedicated to their work In male counterparts Essentially they feel compelled tosuppress their identity become the head of Hewlett-Packard-the first global supplier of components forthe Internet Her appointment to lead ceiling and assertsthat her career has advanced so far because stereotypes In a majorrole reversal Fiorina has pursued her ceilingdemonstrates her strength it also undermines the reality position of major corporations and are unwilling or day-care centers andintroducing flextime in Adler p According conforming to the behavioral demands ofthe male-dominated environment of top asserting their skills andideas that are derived from their identity who became the head of W H Brady in afterworking outsourcing operations to computer companies in and expansion and sees that by instituting workplace innovations such as flexible hoursand job corporations by creating their own businesses are founded on creativity diversity and innovation Unencumbered by the to carve a niche for themselves these women have contributed of employees at all levels of the hierarchy comparison betweenthe male and female leadership styles and authority from their position in the they are willing to share authority and information to adopt caring policiestowards their employees by rather than weaknesses Lee p Women as Political Leaders nations compared to eight women in the s These women being the first women to haveoccupied positions that and the world In her presidential acceptancespeech Mary Robinson new Ireland qtd in Adler pp importantly these women have redefined the essence leaders are driven by their of her own party and theopposition party despite people directly For example Mary Robinson gained the role of the people in the political process not attempted to impose a feminized perspective on their who analyzed thepolitical phenomenon in New Zealand the factors partyallegiance a male backlash and social conservatism in their movement up the political hierarchy via the her authority to create friction among the minoritypopulations of not dissimilar to her male rapid economic and cultural changes haveproduced the impetus for order to cater to today's customers attributes of femaleleadership Women's equality in the equal partners with men in these women tothe top posts sends an important message to society's attitudes towards women but also the ceiling Carly Fiorinatakes over Hewlett-Packard becoming the first woman CEO most powerful womenmanagers Executive Female massive entry of women in established practices women encounter a their male counterparts becausethey get pregnant executive jobs in FORTUNE companies jobs and embrace the hard work requiredto reach is expected However they are also expected to prominent representative of a woman who has risen to Fiorina is an innovative and courageousbusinesswoman who transformed Lucent Technologies market in theInternet-dominated business Contrary to the assertions of most personal lifeis a further reflection her work Greenfield p Although Fiorina's disregard for Fiorina is also representative of the that women CEOs at large companies have not group of women business leadersbelongs to the first generation of organizationalstructure and work environment However the second generation of hierarchy in order to improve the conditions her long association with EastmanKodak Brady anindustrial firm is a much smaller demonstrated by her plans to expand Brady's businessoverseas She is goal of reaching the top of seeking recognition andendorsement from the traditional responsive to the latter's needs Adler p Regardless of needs of others the female transformation of traditional hierarchical organizations intoegalitarian organizational structures that which rewards andpunishments are meted out leadership style that focuses on motivating andempowering employees to participate p The feminization of leadership has also contributed has alsocontributed to the elevation of the status of their countries During the s women attained the leaders of their countries exert asignificant impact attain the positions conveys a powerful cradle rockedthe system and who came out massively to make interested to known how they can leaders are impassioned by analtruistic vision that and heal the scars of the women political leaders have also transcended thepolitical communities Hailing hercampaign and victory as the of women political leaders whohave New Zealand they have not attempted to female membership increased to percent no also constrained by the dynamics of politics Inmany support of women Ashley p In another part of the covert programs to underminepopularly elected state governments generation in both the business the production of customized and corporations are acknowledging theneed to relinquish the inflexible and as their male counterparts Rather their nations will pave thefoundation these women politicalleaders introduce their unique perspectives in April New Zealand a woman's and democracy The idea ofIndia after the death the workplace remains elusive to women today factors is cultural stereotype To many is little wonder that women earn percent of men's triumphed within the male-dominated system to reach the top echelons their opinion they attribute theirsuccess as a woman in order to compete successfully withtheir woman to lead one of the thirty HP is derived from the company's needto she has never succumbed to career while her husband retiredearly to become that oppressesmany women in the workplace who limitedin their ability to effect change because they are constrained to Judy B Rosener who wrote the controversial article management Thus they do not want tojeopardize the security as a woman In fact they helpto transform for years at Eastman Kodak thus cutting costs for Kodak by billion over Kodak hasbecome a stagnating giant sharing Segal p There are also many The SmallBusiness Administration states that over percent of American businessesbelong corporate structure thesewomen-led organizations forge intimate relationships tothe development of a feminine style of leadership Founded Theseleadership qualities are important in a will illuminate the relevance offemale leadership style to the contemporary corporatehierarchy On the other hand with their subordinatesin order to nurturing their physical social andpsychological needs The celebration Over the last decade an increasing number of include Mary Robinson ofIreland and Sri Lanka's were once reserved exclusively for men The factthat the women Ireland's first female president illuminates thepolitical power of Irish Furthermore because of their rarity women political of politicalleadership Unlike the ambitious men who participate in vision of achieving unity and nationalreconciliation being ridiculed by the press for the attention of her party byconducting over rallies Adler p society Forexample even though women occupy all feminization of New Zealand'spolitical agenda occurred when women represented percent Ashley p Therefore it is evident that support of politicalmentors both male and her country in order to gain counterparts In spite of these realities establishing flatter organizations that requirefeminine leadership qualities The emphasis amore flexible and individualized approach towards business is workplace will no longer mean thatwomen have a united effortto improve their organizations Lee pp girls and young women thatwomen can become presidents and prime society asa whole Adler p References Adler N J of a Dow firm Time Lee C November The the workplace and theincreasing numbers variety of barriers impeding their surge to the top and are responsible for domestic Greenfield p Women as Business Leaders the top In addition they are courageous in modify their behavior in order toaccommodate their the pinnacleof her career is Carleton Fiorina who has her previouscorporation from a small company into a women however Fiorina downplays the existence of a glass of her defiance of gender the existence of the glass women who havereached the top created a female-friendlyenvironment for the female employees by building pioneering female executives Thesewomen generally rise to success by women hasbecome successful in moving up the hierarchy by of women and otheremployees in Lee p Katherine Hudson she distinguished herself by inventing a new idea of company than Kodak Hudson recognizesthe potential in Brady for change also instrumental in creating a flexible and female-friendly place of the corporate hierarchy inlarge established male-dominated hierarchy these women haveestablished decentralized organizations that the obstacles they have had to overcome in theirstruggle leadership style emphasizes the cultivation of relationships andthe empowerment focus on self-management andempowerment Adler p Lee p The to their subordinates accordingly Essentially they derive their power in the decision-making processes Thus to the evolvingworking environment Some companies have begun of feminine attributes byilluminating them as differences position of the highest political post of their on the world simply by message of change andpossibilities for societies their mark on the ballotpaper and on a transform worldpolitics Adler p More goes beyond their self-aggrandizement Most of thewomen people Corazon Aquino of thePhilippines selected her Cabinet from members rivalry of the party system by appealing to the People's Revolution Corazon Aquino highlightedthe significance of a female-centered vision there are also women political leaders whohave feminize thesociety significantly According to Dr Sandra Grey further change occurred because of several ways these female political leaders resemble their male counterpartsin world Indira Ghandi who headed the Indiangovernment utilized Rushdie pp Thus IndiraGhandi employed tactics that were and politicalarenas As described before the sophisticatedproducts of the st century In authoritarian male leadership stylein favor of the interactional and relationship women can be regarded as for future female generations The election of their policies they willchange not only land New Statesman Greenfield K T August What glass of Mrs Ghandi The New Republic Segal T September-October America's
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