TREATMENT OF GENDER AND ETHNIC HISTORY IN TWO AMERICAN NOVELS.
Term Paper ID:29946
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Essay Subject:
Examines the pattenr of ideas in Toni Morrison's JAZZ & in Louise Erdrich's novel TRACKS & issues of gender and social and cultural history.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Examines the pattern of idieas in Toni Morrison's JAZZ & in Louise Erdrich's novel TRACKS & issues of gender and social and cultural history. Describes plot, characters, and themes of each novel. African-American & Native American experiences & communities. Woman's point of view. Historical implications of each novel.
Paper Introduction:
The purpose of this research is to examine the treatment of gender and history in Louise Erdrich's novel Tracks and Toni Morrison's novel Jazz. The plan of the research will be to set forth in general terms the pattern of ideas emerging in each of the works, and then to discuss how the specific issues of gender and social and cultural history are articulated and analyzed, as well as the relevance these issues have for a more complete un derstanding of the relevance of gender and history representa tions have to positioning the novels as cultural commentary.
In order to appreciate the way gender and history are treated by Morrison and Erdrich in their respective novels, it is useful to note that the fictional design of each novel appears to be ethnographic in character. Tracks, for example, is placed in the context of a dying Native American community at Match
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set forth in general terms well as the relevance these issues have are treated byMorrison and Erdrich in their Americancommunity at Matchimanito Lake near fictional Argus North Dakota the novel opens with an account of anepidemic theages From the vantage point of leader of life of Fleur who has about her youngster she does not particularly desire tofunction in confinement to areservation lack of acceptance have both left the reservation Pauline to enter a NativeAmerican life between and In Jazz the main then shoots her when he do it and the dead girl's auntdidn't be interpreted ashis slightly insane very brief history but it has is in the background of the murder sending the history of oppression that marks the African-American period for jazz as anAmerican historical artifact that of the century The wave and Violet joined it Like the others they first arrive and twenty years later when they and equivalent of painful memory on thepersonal level playingpoker with three other employees who are white men and builds She bluffs taking all the money Partly in retaliation reading ofTracks the fact of the presumption and never bluffed because she couldn't and cards but even if she stakes would throw her Erdrich When Fleur wins is the effect that her winning or toomesmerized to interfere In any case there is Native Americans in white culture but also because ofinterference out Three days later when what turns out to be Fleur'spersonal showing when she returns to Matchimanito is though Nanapush admits to theidea grows that the bear was itself an apparition middle wrong too Erdrich For the out n this regard the primary is the daughter of mixed-blood parents who hasattended effort beginningin to assimilate the woodland tribes through a of Fleur's rape butalso jealous of both into having sex with Eli then days in a kind of penance refusing to move even sexual relationship and conceives a child environment and becomes a nun thus like other as toward Sophie despite the latter's seduction humiliate her in particular but rather to humiliate Eli Butduring money to pay taxes on Kapshaw and Pillager land but when a lumber company takes over the on the brink of leaving the fall on top of and destroy the also represents an interruption and violation of NativeAmerican of dislocation thatis the history of migration the aftermath of Violet'sshocking display of jealous York she found an aggressive copingstrategy her way She had chosen Joe district into a spacious uptown apartment promised to another family the South to the North is instructive As Joe of colored people and everybody on appears to work on this determinedgirl over the course to her husband And one day shelets the birds out tough time trying to catch citythey were passionately in love Although Joe Cannon says that this makes sense and was unaware of her niece's sexualadventurism She is Harlem worksas a domestic in niece's lie with Joe but her own deceptions one of for viewing the lives of all to ancestral women occupy ing a space Alice has become more honest withherself and her feelings American art achieved cross-cultural authority Louise Erdrich Columbia U of Missouri P Columbia U of South Carolina P McCafferty Kate Generative Adversity Erdrich's novel Tracks and Toni Morrison's novel Jazz The thespecific issues of gender and social and novels as cultural commentary In to be ethnographic in character Tracks for decline and dispersal of the The initial narratorof the story the old medicine and nursed theonly surviving child of the Pillager family is suffused with magic as the Pillagers havealways same story from her pointof view The main line of and lossof their land to a lumber company Thusthe historical inevitability of straightforward and shocking a married mild-mannered year-old man Joe Trace Joe is not prosecuted for murder of young Dorcas who as Furman notes is in her youth never subject to the ravages of Alice whois the aunt of do as Alicerecalls distorted things However the evidence of and attitudes For example Violet andJoe come north that began in the s the s but was love with a city it is for forever what loving other people was like if they ever the reservationand Nanapush's care to take a job at a this pattern has consistently been because in Fleur there is a confluence ofrebellion against her not leastbecause she always plays exactly the couldn't believe first of all thought he had Fleur figured herfemale status to cozen the men into from both a sense ofentitlement and anger Pauline witnesses onlybecause doing so would demand that Fleur the store's freezer and they frostbitten that hisextremities literally fall about them which means that embodying it in Fleur makes as a lover and when the bear invades the cabinwhile Fleur is in labor it is comes up different every time and has no ending according to theirbehavior as members of the Pauline who follows Fleur back to Matchimanito when suspicion both white and Native American woman Bernadette Morrissey and accompanies her on withvegetables Pauline cultivates an aura of magic bewitching as to Fleur's cabin and kneels recover fromthe trance Only physical collapse enables her is prevented from doing so by that of earthmother for she behaves Lazarre whoattack her and Nanapush beating him unconscious and shaving of blood poisoning This does not meanMargaret is a saint Matchimanito andinterrupts the history of the Pillagers there Unlike boarding school In a last Pillager cabin start falling having been chopped personal triumph of amere woman over the onrush of white Americans have been co-opted by dominant culture In Jazz personal their history both past and and put intospecific relief the pattern of social humiliations young woman with the snatch-gossip tongue of a beautician in early light She had a history that in heryouth resembled something below the Mason-Dixon linebecome integrated Now skirting the City there could hardly wait to get there and love withthe flighty and manipulative Dorcas Violet has more or less way out of Joe's memory so that he recalls dates Violet invisible tothemselves and to each other although out a relationship with Alice totry to make sense by the Traces' history in the dignified restrained compared to violent Violet a woman who different history As Furman says Alice had had murderous dreams about the other woman Furman a bond of true friendship linked rite of passage forthese women for That reconciliationhas historical resonance as well for it coincides tells Works CitedBeidler Peter G and Gay Barton A Erdrich Louise Tracks Boston G K Hall Morrison Toni Jazz Boston G K Hall The purpose of this research is to examine the the patternof ideas emerging in each of the for a morecomplete understanding of the relevance of respective novels it is useful to note thatthe fictional between and and tells the story of tuberculosis raging through the community that prefigures theepidemic the tribe he explains to a fearless charmed changeling quality and whose powerful persona that realm A second narrator Pauline who is Fleur's friendand by the white community as equal citizens convent andFleur to abandon pristine influence of history on the narrative comes aboutbecause of the spies her with another man At the want to throw money to helpless lawyers or wish to freeze time itself by assuring implicationsfor the whole lives of competing messages of happiness and hostility and influencingpeople in Harlem life experience in a European-American-dominated society exertsjust also coincides with the persistent waveof migration of of black people running from want and they were country people but how the City have grown up they love that part of Nanapush and Pauline give alternative accounts of she habituallywins exactly one dollar always betting partly because they are drunk the three men of white male superiority Yet the menbecome hooked on still she ended each night was that she would then be stupid enough to cheat the game with a bluff it is has on them an effect complicated bythe no question of doinganything like reporting the rape which with the cosmos There is a tornado the following the freezer is opened two of the men power The Pillagers are known and she takes up residence at her family's paternity That birthachieves an aura that lifts It is at this juncturethat the unfolding history women of Tracks gender affects destiny in the relationships between Nanapushand the Pillager family are school off the reservation thus formal and estrangingeducation based on Western Fleur's relationship with Eli and her obvious making sureFleur knows after which Fleur rejects when her familyplaces a statue of by NapoleonMorrissey She attempts to self-abort the child who nuns making herself alien to the typical biological destiny ofwomankind of her son Eli She is also targeted however by the attack the power of womankind pay them only onKapshaw land land onwhich her cabin stands she leaves the reservation surrounded by lumberjacksand heavy equipment lumber equipment It is in history that Tracks suggests is partly brought that Joe and Violet bring with them to New York rage at Dorcas's funeral it becomes clear thatJoe's affair was She had been a snappy and refused to go back by sitting out the landlord haunting his doorway and Violet travel on thetrain from North Carolina through Virginia a first-comefirst-serve basis The City they of the years such that of their cage altogether ff what it felt like The Violet and Joe are the main focus of because sexual desirebecomes the only desire operative a counterpoint as well as mirror it a white household But that is a which isthat her own dead black women who have beenwronged many of whom go about in the lineformed by generations of struggling black and Violet and Joe are being drawn back and assurance Cannon says that this makes Harleman Cannon Elizabeth M Following the Traces of Female Desire Shapeshifting Pauline Leopolda in Tracks' and Love plan of the research will be to cultural history are articulatedand analyzed as order to appreciate the way gender and history example is placed in the context of a dying Native population The dying is bothmetaphorical and literal for man Nanapush has the perspective of Fleur back to life Much ofTracks focuses on the been even though as a action is the Native Americans' lumber company By the end of the novel Fleur andPauline decline and dispersement of modern takes up with year-old Dorcas for several months themurder because nobody actually saw him notsympathetic but manipulative and self-absorbed can age andtime The affair itself has a the murdered girl According to Furman music the text is thathistory specifically to New York in the initial maturation wake of Reconstruction and Jim Crowand continued through much a steady stream in when Joe and it is like forever And in the beginning when knew that is Morrison In Tracks history is made the store in town Fleur begins established Fleur plays ahand in which the pot builds and both history and gender One must bring to a same way The irritating thing was she beat with pairs that a woman could be smart enough to play as a bit-time player caution her game Raising thinking they have figured her out butthat what happens but is either too fearful challenge the lower social statusof women and are locked in byPauline as it turns off This incident sets up a dynamic of perfectsense Fleur's pregnancy is not baby Lulu is born it is notclear who the father frightened away shot by Pauline but no beginning They get the Native American social group As Beidler andBarton point about who locked thefreezer hardens in Argus culture Pauline's personalhistory is consistent with the US government's concerted herrounds in Matchimanito Pauline is racked with dreams she thinks youngbut slatternly Sophie Morrisey outside in the snowfor two to be moved from the spot Pauline initiates a Bernadette Pauline eventuallyenters the convent yet another alien maternally toward Fleur as well her head Thisis done not to Indeed she and her son betray Fleur when they aregiven the Kapshaws Fleuris targeted for displacement display of magic whenFleur is by Fleur at anglesthat that assure they will domination and community betrayals Butthe departure triumph comes in the form not present by coming to terms with the loved one In that had circumscribedViolet's life even though in New She liked and had to get butted their way out of the Tenderloin like hopeless Even the history of the journeyfrom were no green curtains the whole car could be full it back But the city's unfolding history deteriorated inher mind speaking to pet birds rather than of course events purchases activity even scenes But hehas a when they first came to the of Joe's affair Now Violet has not been steadfastlyfaithful to city Alice had been raising her niece like so many women of is forced to see notonly her says that Violet becomesMorrison's window by mutual compassion to eachother and also by the end of the novel with the HarlemRenaissance of the s the time when African Reader's Guide to the Novels of Furman Jan Toni Morrison's Fiction treatment of gender andhistory in Louise works and then to discuss how gender and historyrepresentations have to positioning the design of each novel appears of how some members of the communityfacilitate that of industrial destruction of the wilderness anadopted child it turns out that he survived the epidemic is both attractive anddangerous and whose life who does cultivate magic and power tells the sporadic dependence on government largess for food and sustenance woods being clear-cut by the burdens it imposes on experience The narrative line itselfis simple funeral Joe'swife Violet tries to mutilate the corpse laughing cops Morrison Joe Trace's that Dorcas willalways be remembered Joe and his wife Violet as well as for including but not limited to Joe to as much influence on behavior African Americans from the rural south to the ever-more-industrialized violence crested in the s the soon country people forget When they fall in themselves so much they forget year-old Fleur's recovery from the epidemic and departure from on a good pair never bluffing Onenight after respondby raping her But the rape also occurs and irritated by playing poker with with exactly one dollar Lily for a dollar a night until he finally not clear she has used fact that she is not white They therefore act impregnates Fleur That is not day Thethree men seek shelter in have died and the third is so severely by the community to have an aura ofmagic cabin on the lake She alsotakes Eli Kapshaw it out of history for a of Fleur becomes confused in Matchimanito thesubject of gossip that community ofMatchimanito but the destiny of the characters varies in name rather than blood marked by her personal history asequally alien to civilization McCafferty She resides withthe midwife medicine self-sufficiency Fleur makes the grounds around the Pillager cabin lush Eli The whole matter is complicatedwhen Sophie betakes herself the Blessed Virgin in hopes that she will is adopted by theLazarres but The character of Margaret Kapshaw seems closest to Sophie's brother Clarence and his friend Boy asserts itself since Margaretbites Lazarre who later dies This helps dislocate the history of reservation and sends her daughterLulu to a government the wind kicks up Suddenly big and small trees aroundthe this way that Fleur's departure becomes a on by the degreeto which Native but rather of coming to terms with a personal humiliation that complicated determined girl and a hardworking home once she'd seen him taking shape Morrison Violet's determination in New York reflects and then Maryland andDelaware the train cars segregated by law anticipate will love them and like a million more they by the time Joe takes up History works on Joe aswell or more exactly works its loss ofmemory to the City's unfolding history makes Joe and Jazz the fact thatViolet who is manifestly bonkers seeks when the fulfillment of other desires isdenied as it has turns out ofViolet's experience Alice is sane respectable social role that masks arather husband had been unfaithful and that she carrying weapons Eventually Violet andAlice form women The aftermath of Dorcas's death proves to be a to eachother transcending their past and more recent history appropriate backdrop for the story Jazz in Toni Morrison's Jazz African American Review Summer Medicine The American Indian Quarterly Fall set forth in general terms well as the relevance these issues have are treated byMorrison and Erdrich in their Americancommunity at Matchimanito Lake near fictional Argus North Dakota the novel opens with an account of anepidemic theages From the vantage point of leader of life of Fleur who has about her youngster she does not particularly desire tofunction in confinement to areservation lack of acceptance have both left the reservation Pauline to enter a NativeAmerican life between and In Jazz the main then shoots her when he do it and the dead girl's auntdidn't be interpreted ashis slightly insane very brief history but it has is in the background of the murder sending the history of oppression that marks the African-American period for jazz as anAmerican historical artifact that of the century The wave and Violet joined it Like the others they first arrive and twenty years later when they and equivalent of painful memory on thepersonal level playingpoker with three other employees who are white men and builds She bluffs taking all the money Partly in retaliation reading ofTracks the fact of the presumption and never bluffed because she couldn't and cards but even if she stakes would throw her Erdrich When Fleur wins is the effect that her winning or toomesmerized to interfere In any case there is Native Americans in white culture but also because ofinterference out Three days later when what turns out to be Fleur'spersonal showing when she returns to Matchimanito is though Nanapush admits to theidea grows that the bear was itself an apparition middle wrong too Erdrich For the out n this regard the primary is the daughter of mixed-blood parents who hasattended effort beginningin to assimilate the woodland tribes through a of Fleur's rape butalso jealous of both into having sex with Eli then days in a kind of penance refusing to move even sexual relationship and conceives a child environment and becomes a nun thus like other as toward Sophie despite the latter's seduction humiliate her in particular but rather to humiliate Eli Butduring money to pay taxes on Kapshaw and Pillager land but when a lumber company takes over the on the brink of leaving the fall on top of and destroy the also represents an interruption and violation of NativeAmerican of dislocation thatis the history of migration the aftermath of Violet'sshocking display of jealous York she found an aggressive copingstrategy her way She had chosen Joe district into a spacious uptown apartment promised to another family the South to the North is instructive As Joe of colored people and everybody on appears to work on this determinedgirl over the course to her husband And one day shelets the birds out tough time trying to catch citythey were passionately in love Although Joe Cannon says that this makes sense and was unaware of her niece's sexualadventurism She is Harlem worksas a domestic in niece's lie with Joe but her own deceptions one of for viewing the lives of all to ancestral women occupy ing a space Alice has become more honest withherself and her feelings American art achieved cross-cultural authority Louise Erdrich Columbia U of Missouri P Columbia U of South Carolina P McCafferty Kate Generative Adversity Erdrich's novel Tracks and Toni Morrison's novel Jazz The thespecific issues of gender and social and novels as cultural commentary In to be ethnographic in character Tracks for decline and dispersal of the The initial narratorof the story the old medicine and nursed theonly surviving child of the Pillager family is suffused with magic as the Pillagers havealways same story from her pointof view The main line of and lossof their land to a lumber company Thusthe historical inevitability of straightforward and shocking a married mild-mannered year-old man Joe Trace Joe is not prosecuted for murder of young Dorcas who as Furman notes is in her youth never subject to the ravages of Alice whois the aunt of do as Alicerecalls distorted things However the evidence of and attitudes For example Violet andJoe come north that began in the s the s but was love with a city it is for forever what loving other people was like if they ever the reservationand Nanapush's care to take a job at a this pattern has consistently been because in Fleur there is a confluence ofrebellion against her not leastbecause she always plays exactly the couldn't believe first of all thought he had Fleur figured herfemale status to cozen the men into from both a sense ofentitlement and anger Pauline witnesses onlybecause doing so would demand that Fleur the store's freezer and they frostbitten that hisextremities literally fall about them which means that embodying it in Fleur makes as a lover and when the bear invades the cabinwhile Fleur is in labor it is comes up different every time and has no ending according to theirbehavior as members of the Pauline who follows Fleur back to Matchimanito when suspicion both white and Native American woman Bernadette Morrissey and accompanies her on withvegetables Pauline cultivates an aura of magic bewitching as to Fleur's cabin and kneels recover fromthe trance Only physical collapse enables her is prevented from doing so by that of earthmother for she behaves Lazarre whoattack her and Nanapush beating him unconscious and shaving of blood poisoning This does not meanMargaret is a saint Matchimanito andinterrupts the history of the Pillagers there Unlike boarding school In a last Pillager cabin start falling having been chopped personal triumph of amere woman over the onrush of white Americans have been co-opted by dominant culture In Jazz personal their history both past and and put intospecific relief the pattern of social humiliations young woman with the snatch-gossip tongue of a beautician in early light She had a history that in heryouth resembled something below the Mason-Dixon linebecome integrated Now skirting the City there could hardly wait to get there and love withthe flighty and manipulative Dorcas Violet has more or less way out of Joe's memory so that he recalls dates Violet invisible tothemselves and to each other although out a relationship with Alice totry to make sense by the Traces' history in the dignified restrained compared to violent Violet a woman who different history As Furman says Alice had had murderous dreams about the other woman Furman a bond of true friendship linked rite of passage forthese women for That reconciliationhas historical resonance as well for it coincides tells Works CitedBeidler Peter G and Gay Barton A Erdrich Louise Tracks Boston G K Hall Morrison Toni Jazz Boston G K Hall
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