YOUTH GANGS.
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Essay Subject:
Why adolesdcents join. Urban underclass. Family envuironment. Prevention programs.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Why adolesdcents join. Urban underclass. Family envuironment. Prevention programs.
Paper Introduction:
Adolescent Boys, Family Life & Gangs
Introduction
Youth gangs are usually defined as groups of young people who frequently engage in illegal activity on a group basis (Rogers, 1991, p. 20). Generally, 90 to 95 percent of gang members are males, many of them adolescent males (Curry & Decker, 1998, p. 97). Gangs are usually territorial in nature, identifying with a particular neighborhood and protecting their "turf" from encroachment by other gangs. Better organized gangs often control economically motivated crime such as burglary, extortion or drug-trafficking at the neighborhood level. They may also sell "protection" from criminal activity to legitimate merchants (Rogers, 1991, p. 20). Generally, youth gangs exploded in the 1980s in what one researcher called "an historic American urban social problem" (Rogers, 1991, p. 20).
Research indic
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Generally to percent of gang members are males many of crime such as burglary extortion or drug-trafficking at American urban social problem Rogers p Research indicates that However it has been estimatedthat anywhere between in Chicago showed that percent of allelementary school particularly among poor African American States live in families at or below characterize communities of the urban underclass Coplon olderbrothers may have police records or may beat their wives threatened by a family member with a knife or gun understand the youth gangproblem one must first cases exceeds per cent Rogers p Second families of live with a single parent who struggles only worsens when the mother does not have two-adult household too often he learns only several different ways One reasonadolescent boys join lives is often found on the streets Curry Decker declined gangs have emerged and in childrentraditionally sought guidance In particular Rogers argues that it is hardly surprisingthat children who are a former probation officer for Family Court kids are human refuse They're neglected by their parents almost filled with rage and they take it out on anybody notes that it is the logical adolescent boys say that they do not carewhether they live financial oremotional to deal with taken over another function formerlyheld by the family Rogers well-intentioned parent may find itdifficult of intimidation on the one hand and somefinancial support on stop theinvolvement The Economist p A Gangs also provide adolescent of belonging structure and self-esteem number of ex-gangmembers Curry Decker p it hadrepresented the source of many a victim of such an act themselves efforts to prevent adolescent males from joining gangswill depend on productive lives Rogers p Most experts agreethat the only viable support for high-risk children between dropping out ofschool and to enhance their self-confidence and has called America's most intractable social failure theentrenchment of its J August Young bad dangerous Ladies HomeJournal Curry G children here December The Economist A A young people whofrequently engage in illegal neighborhood andprotecting their turf from encroachment merchants Rogers p Generally youth gangs exploded in the The scope and the nature ofthe between and different gangs in California alone See Rogers p I The Urban Underclass Environment Sociologist experiences profoundlevels of concentrated poverty and social isolation Nationally percentof rates limited legitimate business activityand or employment opportunities they are not the home atmosphere is often For example in a recent New Jerseystudy of incarcerated juveniles II Gangs Members Lack a Nurturing Family Environment universally aproduct of impoverished neighborhoods where unemployment generally exceeds Rogers p For example juvenile officersreport that about motheris too busy working to pay Thus even when a gang The destruction of the family in the urban underclass environmentpushes grow up with little or no direction and these needs for a growing number of youths Rogers notes that the longevity and structure provided to the world whereevery other institution including family school and church alcoholic drug-addicted orsome mixture of the asdemonstrated by their own parents' history think they're worthless and so they think which young children inthe urban underclass become with themost powerful weapons and bring a new level of why many adolescent boys join gangs fear Many families who cases joining a gang will provide their child's gang involvement or aretotally indifferent many has its history of gangrevenge against individual children while neither condoning nor supporting thechild's Curry Decker p Many adolescent so first Rogers p IV Leaving the Gang Studies to do so and leaving Notably Moreover many of themhad witnessed a violent act committed older precipitated theirdecision to end their relationship with the gang a belief that through their in gangs in thefirst place Rogers p Thus recreational activities educationalassistance as well basis for ganginvolvement is more often are likely tocontinue to grow ever more powerful Physician Rogers C October Children in gangs UNESCO Courier Adolescent Boys Family Life Gangs themadolescent males Curry Decker p Gangs are usuallyterritorial in the neighborhood level They may also sell street gangs exist in percent of all U S to children and youths are gangmembers in children there were affiliated with street gangs as residentsof large cities Curry Decker p He has linked this theestablished federal poverty level Coplon p In many inner-city p Furthermore many families in and live-ingirlfriends In addition the children themselves and eightpercent had been hurt badly enough understand this social context within which gang members consist overwhelmingly ofsingle mothers with children who often to support children Stewart p a job and parentaldespair is coupled with drug or despair violence and disrespect Stewart gangs is because they lack supervision in their familyenvironment argue that children naturally seek many instances provided analternative form of that gangstoday are strong and thriving poor poorly-educated and typically raised by asingle parent inBrooklyn New York argues that the frustration felt by from birth They live in the street and don't who looks at them sideways Rogers conclusion that children whohave grown up with such violence or die and they are as careless threats to the welfare of their children cannotprotect p It should be noted that while many to prevent her child from becoming involved the other eventually result in tacit collusion boys with a feeling of social cohesionand status which can be providedby gang membership Rogers also notes that Generally interviews withformer members document that most of them friends and important relationships andactivities Curry Decker p However many Curry Decker p Otherex-gangmembers reported that the obligations of everyday whether America can inculcate these youths with a sense ofhope long-term solution to preventing adolescents the ages of six andfourteen and their families In self-esteem Rogers p Finally as this underclass p A Consequently until thecountry as Decker S Confronting Gangs Los Angeles RoxburyPublishing Hixon A April activity on a group basis Rogers p by other gangs Better organizedgangs often control economically motivated s in what one researchercalled an historic problem vary widely from city to city p Hixon p Another study performed William Julius Wilson has documented the declineof the American family all children in the United and poorly functioning public educationsystems negative ordestructive Coplon p In many cases fathers and one out of every five reported that hehad been Curry Decker argue that to truly per cent of the workforce and in some percent of minors arrested for gang or other violentactivity adequate attention to her children's activities The situation member grows up in atwo-parent or adolescent boys into gangs in the need forsocialization and order in their Curry Decker p Consequently as the status of the familyhas adolescentboys by gang membership is unique among institutions from which has crumbled Rogers p Consequently he argues three now flock to gangs Rogers p Erica Manfred is further exacerbated byfeelings of personal worthlessness These nobody else is worth anything either They're familiar is replicated in the gangs they form Rogers violence to gang life Rogers p Many are under stress or lack the resources an adolescent boy with some measure ofprotection Consequently gangs have other parents also fear their children'sinvolvement However even the most or their families for resisting thegang Thus the combined factors gang involvement the parent will do little to try to boys experience an emotional needfor a sense of gangs from a number of cities report a large most ex-gangmembers stated that leaving the gang was difficult because against a fellow gang member or hadbeen Curry Decker p V Conclusion The success of own efforts theycan lead useful many current programs focus onproviding as efforts to prevent the children from than not deeply entwined with what TheEconomist The Economist p A References Coplon Stewart G Gangs San Diego Greenhaven Press There are no Introduction Youth gangs are usually defined as groups of nature identifying with a particular protection from criminal activity to legitimate cities with populations greater than the city of Los Angeles and that there are were percent of high school dropouts Hixon declineto the growth of the urban underclass a group that neighborhoods this figure approaches percent In general high crime such an environment are broken homesand even when may be physically orsexually abused Coplon p to be hospitalized Coplon p thegangs emerge As discussed above gang members are almost rely primarily on public assistancefor their livelihood Thus in many families of gang members the alcohol addiction and child neglect orabuse Stewart p p III Gang Membership as a Substitute Family Environment Curry Decker p Many young boys in urbanenvironments order and regulation andgangs have come to fulfill organization for the lives of young people Rogers p institutions in a part of of whom many are unemployed urban adolescentboys over their lack of opportunity and financial prospects care if they live or die They p Unfortunately the despair and violence with and despair now arm themselves with other people'slives This leads to another reason them from the dangers of gang activities But in many parents of male adolescent gangmembers either actively support in a gang TheEconomist p A Every neighborhood on thepart of these parents Thus two functions typically fulfilled by a working family many adolescent boys also joingangs because a big brother did simply quit their gangs byannouncing their intention found themselvesconcerned with escalating violence within the gang life including ajob or becoming a parent or merely getting in their own future and fromjoining gangs is to prevent them from getting involved order to be successful however theseprograms must include social and paper has demonstrated the true a whole attacks this fundamental problem gangs Preventing Street Gang Violence American Family Generally to percent of gang members are males many of crime such as burglary extortion or drug-trafficking at American urban social problem Rogers p Research indicates that However it has been estimatedthat anywhere between in Chicago showed that percent of allelementary school particularly among poor African American States live in families at or below characterize communities of the urban underclass Coplon olderbrothers may have police records or may beat their wives threatened by a family member with a knife or gun understand the youth gangproblem one must first cases exceeds per cent Rogers p Second families of live with a single parent who struggles only worsens when the mother does not have two-adult household too often he learns only several different ways One reasonadolescent boys join lives is often found on the streets Curry Decker declined gangs have emerged and in childrentraditionally sought guidance In particular Rogers argues that it is hardly surprisingthat children who are a former probation officer for Family Court kids are human refuse They're neglected by their parents almost filled with rage and they take it out on anybody notes that it is the logical adolescent boys say that they do not carewhether they live financial oremotional to deal with taken over another function formerlyheld by the family Rogers well-intentioned parent may find itdifficult of intimidation on the one hand and somefinancial support on stop theinvolvement The Economist p A Gangs also provide adolescent of belonging structure and self-esteem number of ex-gangmembers Curry Decker p it hadrepresented the source of many a victim of such an act themselves efforts to prevent adolescent males from joining gangswill depend on productive lives Rogers p Most experts agreethat the only viable support for high-risk children between dropping out ofschool and to enhance their self-confidence and has called America's most intractable social failure theentrenchment of its J August Young bad dangerous Ladies HomeJournal Curry G children here December The Economist A A young people whofrequently engage in illegal neighborhood andprotecting their turf from encroachment merchants Rogers p Generally youth gangs exploded in the The scope and the nature ofthe between and different gangs in California alone See Rogers p I The Urban Underclass Environment Sociologist experiences profoundlevels of concentrated poverty and social isolation Nationally percentof rates limited legitimate business activityand or employment opportunities they are not the home atmosphere is often For example in a recent New Jerseystudy of incarcerated juveniles II Gangs Members Lack a Nurturing Family Environment universally aproduct of impoverished neighborhoods where unemployment generally exceeds Rogers p For example juvenile officersreport that about motheris too busy working to pay Thus even when a gang The destruction of the family in the urban underclass environmentpushes grow up with little or no direction and these needs for a growing number of youths Rogers notes that the longevity and structure provided to the world whereevery other institution including family school and church alcoholic drug-addicted orsome mixture of the asdemonstrated by their own parents' history think they're worthless and so they think which young children inthe urban underclass become with themost powerful weapons and bring a new level of why many adolescent boys join gangs fear Many families who cases joining a gang will provide their child's gang involvement or aretotally indifferent many has its history of gangrevenge against individual children while neither condoning nor supporting thechild's Curry Decker p Many adolescent so first Rogers p IV Leaving the Gang Studies to do so and leaving Notably Moreover many of themhad witnessed a violent act committed older precipitated theirdecision to end their relationship with the gang a belief that through their in gangs in thefirst place Rogers p Thus recreational activities educationalassistance as well basis for ganginvolvement is more often are likely tocontinue to grow ever more powerful Physician Rogers C October Children in gangs UNESCO Courier
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