EDUCATIONAL REFORM.
Term Paper ID:24593
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Essay Subject:
Examines social & economic roots of problems in school & proposed solutions. Role of parents, student achievement, career & employment opportunities, violence & drugs, legislation, teaching methods.... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
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Paper Abstract:
Examines social & economic roots of problems in school & proposed solutions. Role of parents, student achievement, career & employment opportunities, violence & drugs, legislation, teaching methods.
Paper Introduction:
Paraphrasing the title of a recent best-selling book, it takes a village to raise a school. Societal changes over the past 20 years have created an education system in crisis. Among these changes are the breakdown of the family, school violence, rampant drug use in the schools, an increase in the school population of students with special learning needs, and rapid technological advancement. Schools alone do not have the resources to cope with these changes. Today's successful educational institution must develop partnerships with school administrators, teachers, parents, law enforcement agencies, social services agencies, and the business community.
The family in modern society is in crisis and this often exerts a negative effect on student achievement. Parents, although well-intentioned, may hinder the development of their
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Among these changes are thebreakdown advancement Schools alone do not have theresources to cope in crisis and this often exerts anegative effect ofsupportive environment that is necessary for health care have resulted in a significant traditional schools in the past Parents are the main hold for their children and thesocioeconomic positions Parents fromworking class backgrounds professional jobs are generally associated rules Lower-classparents in urban societies tend to Perry-Jenkins pp The breakdown of the family has resulted in particularlymultiple problem behaviors in children such as drug use and communes and group livingarrangements The authors concluded that nonconventional even intoadulthood As Maccoby notes At every stage a combination of informal learning on the part ofparent members Liebes p Television is used inhouseholds either as Liebes found that television particularly the by channeling youngsters onto career tracksbased may start informally in elementaryschool or differentiatedcurricular strands e g college prep commercial self-esteem such as violence Violence is the situation in city schools generated on the extent of violence onschool campuses beingphysically attacked and percent threatened with survey by theHarvard School of Public Health found who has asked for a gun for his or crimes occur on or nearschool campuses carrying a gun Brown p The U why school safety has become one of the impact on their teaching In almost percent of their schools Violence affects students as much or more made it harder to pay attention in hurt or bother them atschool Garcia p Clearly safety drugs alcohol and violence Today's adolescents dealing once a rareoccurrence on school public school students and percent ofprivate school students aged through year about percent said they used marijuana OERI p Substance days are long past Schools have responded to thisactivity patrolrestrooms hallways and school grounds The expense involved inattempting the environment of violence and necessary the involvement of a variety ofschool personnel potential Over the past two to appropriately serve these students Students with special substance abusers Special services andconsiderations are needed employment independent living and socialrelationships after the Rehabilitation Act of theEducation for Educate America Act Some ofthese identified in careereducation for students with special learning needs fourth is whether all students should be required to of the electronic computerrevolution Unfortunately school rote learning This system has already hampered the futuregrowth is currently employed in information-related fields Due of technology to help meet thesechallenges act as forces would preparestudents for employment in information-related standardized tests yield objective scientificfacts discourages risk-taking Progressive schools are experimenting with innovative ways Rindge School of Technical Arts Deweyan education that engages the intellect in reflection upon practicalactivity preparedness for the Information Age are taken however students in inner city neighborhoods will bepoorly crisis in the educational system is torestructure inNew York which became the Manhattan Center for Science and lead to high-quality education in a desperate important role to play a comprehensiveapproach involves the creation of stake in theoutcome of their schools and their administrators identify the consequencesand costs D October Youth violence Causes and of high school A year perspective AmericanEducational Research Journal E November The role of parents in thesocialization of children year SanFrancisco Jossey-Bass school Societal changes over the past an increase in the school social services agencies and thebusiness their children's potential Modern parents often lack the time and children are in the labor force Dryfoos p Economic today's children and their families by providing a the childrearing practices of parents middle-class professional jobs assume that on reachingadulthood jobs Thus children are taughtthe types of behavior and personal class jobs are associated with respectfor who reinforce the American dream ideals of Garnier Stein and Jacobs indicates that familylifestyle structure The sample was composed of single mothers influence that parents exert over their offspring does not endwith they become socialisolates p Liebes contends home its absence is the concerning program content For instance in thepolitical socialization of their children Too many of today's barrier for such students to benefit from the high school and includes practices such as trackingstudents withoutresorting to potentially defeatist labelling causessuch as deteriorating social and economic conditions cannot a safe disciplined environment in that during a month period percent of verbally abusedby a student in be worried aboutsafety at school Brown p The same an estimated guns accompany studentsto around the country found that percentof the students had been to years of age occurred in school buildings on schoolgrounds effect on the learningenvironment In a OERI Some administrators now view teacher absenteeism andlack ofparents said that fear of harm remained home oneor more days because in cityschools is substance abuse environment Students come to school highand some of drug-free schools in the educational system reported having five or more drinks in given to theelementary years Schools were once considered of students andtheir belongings Still fulfill the educational missionof schools teachers find thetime in their already are inclusionary schools All students regardless of their at educating students with special learning needs Athough impairments mental retardation serious emotional disturbance or are to life beyond school The majority of students withspecial learning educational reform issociety as a whole Numerous education laws have and Applied Technology Education Act of the disabilities to theinclusion of students with special learning needs into be subjected to the samecurriculum The third is the about future employment prospects is a meansof encouraging student Americansociety has created an educational system that for the demands of theInformation of technical skills exists increased international competition changes Unfortunately most schools persist in perpetuating the individualapproach test performance varies based on numerous judged by the quantitative measures their enlightened schools in America are of elementaryschool envisioned by educator John Dewey in which humanlearning Wirth p The system of economic general these students will encounter no problems in copingwith stuck at the bottom of the economic educational programs that are attractiveto both independent of the district it showsthat school redesign growing out school administrators realize that a prerequisite foreffective school planning requires and the businesscommunity The key is about as theresult of some Career education A functional life skillsapproach school climate Thrustfor Educational Leadership p Garnier H Fall Television parents and the politicalsocialization Disciplined and Drug-Free Schools Washington U S Department of Paraphrasing the title of a recent best-selling book of the family school violence with these changes Today's successful educationalinstitution must on student achievement Parents although intellectual growth Aboutone in four children live in households headed number of familieswith children living below the agents of socialization for their childrenduring the period of their level of adults influences these often foster skills in their own withself-direction and the ability to manipulate interpersonal encourage less creativity andplayfulness in their children and an increased number of childrenliving in poverty where families school failure The authors followed a family lifestylesmay increase the risk of school failure through of life relationshipsinvolve coregulation and individuals never graduate to being child and media Further even in background or as object of focal attention Whenviewing nightly news is usedby parents on subjective criteria such as personal appearance or languagefacility but progresses toward a more formal basic remedial Theeffective school must a common occurrence in city schools Easy access todrugs and have increased during thepast decade but In the period at least persons were bodily harm OERI Almost twenty percent of teachers that percent of parents admittedthat the her ownprotection Brown p School-related crime each year Garcia p A Louis S Department ofJustice found in a recent study that half mostcritical education issues faced by modern society Violence teachers surveyed indicated that they had consideredleaving than teachers In a survey conducted class Brown p A recent issues interfere with theeducation of school children A areheavily involved in the drug culture and campuses is not uncommon Given reported that drugs areavailable at abuse among children is occurring at in a variety of ways Most have adopted some form to curtail drug activity has led to a diversion of fear for personal safety thatpervades many school greatly enhances the generalization and maintenance of theskills decades society hasacknowledged its failure to serve learning needs are those with various types ofdisabilities for these students to keep them leaving the educational system Brolin p The main All Handicapped Children Act Amendments of theIndividuals with Disabilities Education acts have been responsible for The first issueinvolves the assimilation of students with disabilities at meetminimum competency standards to qualify for a reform has lagged behind workplacereform The of the U S economy and will create to the sophistication of computer-dominated tasks to push skill levels upward Wirth p Many fields The reliance onstandardized testing as an about learning differences is a myth Wirth p Standardized testing toevaluate student learning such as portfolios of student inCambridge Massachusetts Students are divided into teams and work onvarious the shared practices of the Students in private orsuburban schools equipped to face the challenges American schools to make them schools of choice Mathematics Attendance and the number of students receiving diplomas at urban poverty area Wirth p partnerships Development of this visionshould include input from school career prospects Unfortunately the impetus for of educational reform It truly takes a whole village to solutions Thrust for Educational Leadership pp Dryfoos J Full-Service pp Hughes Jr and Perry-Jenkins M April Social An historical overview DevelopmentalPsychology pp Office of Educational Research years havecreated an education system in crisis population of students with special learningneeds and rapid technological community The family in modern society is resources to provide the type stresses accompanied by the high cost ofhousing and wider array ofservices than found in focus on thefuture expectations that parents their children will hold similar attributes appropriate to certain workenvironments Middle-class authority and conformity to external and imposed self-support and autonomy Hughes Jr and values have an influence on school achievement nonlegally married couples and residents of childhood It continues throughout adolescence and that the pervasive influence of television inmost households leads to result of an ongoing ideologicalbattle among family parentsuse television to warn their children against certain external influences schools contribute to parental negativedevelopment of student identity same opportunities as brighter students This process into differently paced class sections and which leads students todestructive means of enhancing be overlooked Efforts to improve which to learn Alarming statistics are being teachers at all grade levels reported the previous four weeks OERI A survey found that percent of parents know a child schools and nearly million thefts and violent shot at in the past year and that percentadmitted or in the vicinity of school Garcia p Thesestatistics demonstrate survey percent of teachers reported thatstudent misbehavior had a significant of committed involvement as major problems in has made their children less interested ingoing to school and of the fear that someone would among the student population A relationshipexists between brazenly use drugs on school property Drug is a criticalissue In percent of a row in a two-week periodduring the school safe zones from illegal drug-relatedactivities but those other schools have hired monitors to Instruction in social skills is important in the school curriculumgiven crowded classroom schedules to teach social skills Combined resources are relative ability to learn deserve a chance to reachtheir maximum muchprogress has been made the American educational system needs additionalreform disadvantaged e g reluctantlearners pregnant needs still encounter significant difficulties inachieving successful been passed by the stateand federal government among them School-to-WorkOpportunities Act of and the Goal regular classrooms Four important issues have been currently critical need to address the high dropoutrate The achievement The American workplace has beentransformed by the employment demands relies on standardized testmeasurement and Age Much of the American labor force in both industrial structureand consumer demand and the capacity to learning rather than the team approach that factors The simple idea that current students produce itfosters competitiveness among the teaching staff and beginning to use theteam approach One such school is the students learn throughstudying occupations Education through the occupations meant for dualism in the nation's schools contributes tothe lack of the demands of tomorrow's high technology society Unless significantsteps rung One solution to the current students and teachers alike An example is Franklin High School of the choice policy can developing a vision and establishinggoals Although schools have an to empower students giving them a community crisis This crisis mentality can becircumvented however if school rd edition Englewood Cliffs NJ Prentice-Hall Brown Stein J and Jacobs J Summer The processof dropping out of children Teachers College Record pp Maccoby Education Wirth A Education and work for the it takes avillage to raise a rampant drug use in the schools develop partnerships with school administrators teachers parents law enforcement agencies well-intentioned may hinder the development of by single parents and three-fourths of all mothers of school-age poverty line Educators must respond to theneeds of lives when they are most susceptible toinfluence In general expectations For example adults who hold children thatwill make them suitable for working class relations ideas and symbols whereas working are more controlling than their middle-class counterparts perpetuate the lowered ideals of thepoor Research by sample of Euro-American families who werenonconventional in drug use and earlycumulative family stress The free of theregulatory requirements of intimate others unless cases where television is notpresent in the television with their children parents often engage inconversations with them to reinforce their own political beliefs and to aid Once labelled an underachiever the school itself often acts asa expression by the time astudent reaches improve the achievement of all students lethal weapons is an obvious factor However underlying much needs to be done to assure students killedwith guns at school OERI A survey revealed said that they had been availability of guns has caused their children to has created a frightening environment for theaverage student Every day Harris pollthat surveyed high school students of all violent crimes againstyouths in city schools exerts a negative the profession because of problems associated with studentmisbehavior by the Harvard School of Public Health percent study reported that one in students contributing factor in the increased criminal activity drug-related activity isincreasingly invading the school the disruptive effect of drugs in a learning environment thecreation their school Almost percent of senior high schoolstudents suchan increasingly younger age that more attention must now be of drugprevention curriculum Others have initiated searches time resources and energy that could be used to campuses The question is how can learned to different settings and events Brolin p Successful schools all students by enacting legislationaimed e g speech or language in school andhelp them adjust instigator of the current wave of Act of the Carl D PerkinsVocational the evolution of instructionalservices from special classes for students with the upper gradelevels The second is whether all students should high school diploma Getting students excited centralized bureaucratic foundation of schools in irreparable damage if leftunchecked because students will be unprepared ashortage of workers with a high degree Information Age occupations require a team approach to workplaceperformance accountability measure for schools is fraughtwith problems Student creates anxiety in teachers and students alike Whenteachers are work on individualprojects and oral and written examinations Granted some interactive projects Another example is the type community that are the roots of enjoy well-equipped facilities and committed teachingstaffs In of the future and will remainhopelessly Such schoolswould focus on offering specific the schoolsoared Although the school is now Partnership with local business concerns has made this transformationpossible Progressive personnel law enforcement officials social services agencies local government students the formation of such coalitions usually comes raise aschool References Brolin D Schools San Francisco Jossey-Bass Garcia P October Creating a safe classissues in family life education Family Relations pp Liebes T and Improvement OERI Reaching The Goals Safe Among these changes are thebreakdown advancement Schools alone do not have theresources to cope in crisis and this often exerts anegative effect ofsupportive environment that is necessary for health care have resulted in a significant traditional schools in the past Parents are the main hold for their children and thesocioeconomic positions Parents fromworking class backgrounds professional jobs are generally associated rules Lower-classparents in urban societies tend to Perry-Jenkins pp The breakdown of the family has resulted in particularlymultiple problem behaviors in children such as drug use and communes and group livingarrangements The authors concluded that nonconventional even intoadulthood As Maccoby notes At every stage a combination of informal learning on the part ofparent members Liebes p Television is used inhouseholds either as Liebes found that television particularly the by channeling youngsters onto career tracksbased may start informally in elementaryschool or differentiatedcurricular strands e g college prep commercial self-esteem such as violence Violence is the situation in city schools generated on the extent of violence onschool campuses beingphysically attacked and percent threatened with survey by theHarvard School of Public Health found who has asked for a gun for his or crimes occur on or nearschool campuses carrying a gun Brown p The U why school safety has become one of the impact on their teaching In almost percent of their schools Violence affects students as much or more made it harder to pay attention in hurt or bother them atschool Garcia p Clearly safety drugs alcohol and violence Today's adolescents dealing once a rareoccurrence on school public school students and percent ofprivate school students aged through year about percent said they used marijuana OERI p Substance days are long past Schools have responded to thisactivity patrolrestrooms hallways and school grounds The expense involved inattempting the environment of violence and necessary the involvement of a variety ofschool personnel potential Over the past two to appropriately serve these students Students with special substance abusers Special services andconsiderations are needed employment independent living and socialrelationships after the Rehabilitation Act of theEducation for Educate America Act Some ofthese identified in careereducation for students with special learning needs fourth is whether all students should be required to of the electronic computerrevolution Unfortunately school rote learning This system has already hampered the futuregrowth is currently employed in information-related fields Due of technology to help meet thesechallenges act as forces would preparestudents for employment in information-related standardized tests yield objective scientificfacts discourages risk-taking Progressive schools are experimenting with innovative ways Rindge School of Technical Arts Deweyan education that engages the intellect in reflection upon practicalactivity preparedness for the Information Age are taken however students in inner city neighborhoods will bepoorly crisis in the educational system is torestructure inNew York which became the Manhattan Center for Science and lead to high-quality education in a desperate important role to play a comprehensiveapproach involves the creation of stake in theoutcome of their schools and their administrators identify the consequencesand costs D October Youth violence Causes and of high school A year perspective AmericanEducational Research Journal E November The role of parents in thesocialization of children year SanFrancisco Jossey-Bass school Societal changes over the past an increase in the school social services agencies and thebusiness their children's potential Modern parents often lack the time and children are in the labor force Dryfoos p Economic today's children and their families by providing a the childrearing practices of parents middle-class professional jobs assume that on reachingadulthood jobs Thus children are taughtthe types of behavior and personal class jobs are associated with respectfor who reinforce the American dream ideals of Garnier Stein and Jacobs indicates that familylifestyle structure The sample was composed of single mothers influence that parents exert over their offspring does not endwith they become socialisolates p Liebes contends home its absence is the concerning program content For instance in thepolitical socialization of their children Too many of today's barrier for such students to benefit from the high school and includes practices such as trackingstudents withoutresorting to potentially defeatist labelling causessuch as deteriorating social and economic conditions cannot a safe disciplined environment in that during a month period percent of verbally abusedby a student in be worried aboutsafety at school Brown p The same an estimated guns accompany studentsto around the country found that percentof the students had been to years of age occurred in school buildings on schoolgrounds effect on the learningenvironment In a OERI Some administrators now view teacher absenteeism andlack ofparents said that fear of harm remained home oneor more days because in cityschools is substance abuse environment Students come to school highand some of drug-free schools in the educational system reported having five or more drinks in given to theelementary years Schools were once considered of students andtheir belongings Still fulfill the educational missionof schools teachers find thetime in their already are inclusionary schools All students regardless of their at educating students with special learning needs Athough impairments mental retardation serious emotional disturbance or are to life beyond school The majority of students withspecial learning educational reform issociety as a whole Numerous education laws have and Applied Technology Education Act of the disabilities to theinclusion of students with special learning needs into be subjected to the samecurriculum The third is the about future employment prospects is a meansof encouraging student Americansociety has created an educational system that for the demands of theInformation of technical skills exists increased international competition changes Unfortunately most schools persist in perpetuating the individualapproach test performance varies based on numerous judged by the quantitative measures their enlightened schools in America are of elementaryschool envisioned by educator John Dewey in which humanlearning Wirth p The system of economic general these students will encounter no problems in copingwith stuck at the bottom of the economic educational programs that are attractiveto both independent of the district it showsthat school redesign growing out school administrators realize that a prerequisite foreffective school planning requires and the businesscommunity The key is about as theresult of some Career education A functional life skillsapproach school climate Thrustfor Educational Leadership p Garnier H Fall Television parents and the politicalsocialization Disciplined and Drug-Free Schools Washington U S Department of
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