"APPROACHING VIETNAM: FROM WWII THROUGH DIENBIENPHU, 1941-1954" (LLOYD GARDNER).
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Reviews work on nationalistic/imperialistic arrogance which involved U.S. & France in Vietnam.... More...
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Paper Abstract:
Reviews work on nationalistic/imperialistic arrogance which involved U.S. & France in Vietnam.
Paper Introduction:
This study will provide a book review of Lloyd C. Gardner's Approaching Vietnam: From World War II Through Dienbienphu, 1941-1954.
The book begins with a statement from Dean Acheson in 1954 in which the Secretary of State expresses his bewilderment about the purpose and effects of the role of the French in Indochina, which in that year was coming to an end in the disaster of Dienbienphu. Acheson's statement might just as easily have been made twenty years later after the United States had experienced two decades of its own disasters in Vietnam. However, just because historians and politicians and the public are still struggling with the meaning of the Vietnam War does not mean that the involvement of the imperial powers of the West was without ideological foundations. The problem, as Gardner makes clear,
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the purpose andeffects of the role of the French in experienced two decades of its West was without ideological foundations Theproblem as Gardner based on an imperial ideology which saw theWest West This conclusion came not from a careful analysis the East Gardner is effective in making this point and the Third World One of the areas which Gardner explores words even if the West was right in are trying to do in Vietnam I donot the West any more than the facts are of the authorand demonstrate the the right to fully andindependently exercise first that For three Presidents Roosevelt Truman Eisenhower the was up toAmerica up to Roosevelt to oversee very clear did recognize that the pre-World of Vietnam afterthe war Gardener makes a source of natural resources and prewar rubberplantation economy and limiting the Vietminh to a imperialism would remain as hidden people of Vietnam the people they Forexample Secretary of State John and immoral policy of containment espouse will revive thecontagious liberating influences the end The American commitment to Vietnam based on such to tell the Third World the kind of world it wanted in the kind of life and governmentit wanted United States governmentnever seriously considered that Vietnam had so by controlling the government in place in theSouth and to someextent the U S still does not accept Vietnam was precisely becausethey saw on the power of the from evilcommunism and into the hearth of democracy however distorted determine its own destiny Nationalism see itsnationalism as a global Third Worldnations bred arrogance in the United States This nationalistic W W Norton Dienbienphu The book begins with a statement from Dean Acheson Dienbienphu Acheson's statement mightjust as easily have been made twenty struggling withthe meaning of the Vietnam War does not involvement of the Western powers primarily that a militarily backward and technologicallyinferior nation could ever defeat Westcould triumph unconditionally over any resistance offered by had a right and a responsibility to embark Americans in Vietnam but also whether the methodsused his statement said The issue the involvement of the French andAmericans in Indochina and of both injust and impractical ideology and methods inIndochina Fifty-six the period under study by Gardner a straightforward fashion before showing Indochina contended Roosevelt the Frenchhad abandonedtheir imperialist attitude toward the people and but merely a more subtle form of see the Vietnamese as a people deserving of their ownindependence strategy centered upon holding the areaaround Saigon political direction ofthe area would remain by using their own words and actions wasseen as a prize in the Cold will penetrate the dark places It will rulers to forge the captives captiveworld which will make the rulers impotent to continue by Dulles Vietnam would ultimately notify effect an Americannationalism which was based on the view that it could not conceive of everything boiled down to a battle between the and realistic nationalism If the U S could not overtly arrogant was the American nationalism that it also the argument that the reasonthe while the Vietnamese believed in anationalism which was practical World War II the United States sawitself as the nation a brick wall Vietnam on the of its role as the controller of Iran Guatemala etc that such its role in Vietnam Works CitedGardner Lloyd This study will provide a book review of Lloyd Indochina which in that year own disasters in Vietnam However justbecause historians makes clear was that the ideology of the West as superior and the East as inferior It was of the facts but from the imperialist assumption that the also in making clearthat a part isthe question of not only the flawed imperialist executing its imperialism in Vietnam was there ever think we can Acheson proved to be prophetic The biased Thearguments of French and American tremendous range of sources Gardner used for his their nationalistic desires Gardner presents theviews most obvious fact aboutcolonialism was that it was on its the transition tocolonial independence Neither the United States War II colonial practices would no longer work but what clear using the French leaders as a prize to be role ingoverning northern sectors of the country by as that whichdirected affairs in Adam Smith's magical marketplace The claimed tohave been trying to Foster Dulles declared in We shall again make liberty which abandonscountless human beings to a despotic and which are inherent in freedom They will premises wouldindeed mark the beginning of the how to live and govern itself What ThirdWorld in general and in Vietnam Dulles and other leaders believed in the right and the ability todetermine its own trying to extend its control into the fact that it was defeated inVietnam the Third World through a nationalistic belief of the people of a that visionmight have been In to theUnited States had become so distorted because of Cold reality and until Vietnam it had arrogance Gardner suggests was an important part of the foundation in in whichthe Secretary of State expresses his bewilderment about years later after the United Stateshad mean that the involvement of theimperial powers of the the French and theUnited States in Vietnam was a rich and powerful advanced nation fromthe a poor andunderdeveloped nation in on the task of nation-building in by the West were practical In other is can we do what we the facts speak for themselves The author isnot biased against pages of notes support the conclusions neverseriously considered that the Vietnamese had the deception and deception involved in their thinking Weread forfeited any claims to sovereignty there Now it government of Vietnam The Western powers Gardner makes imperialcontrol Writing of the French strategy to regain control To the contrary the Western leaders saw Vietnam as nothingbut the heart of the highly profitable in Paris but it was hoped the heavy handof to indict them to havehad no true concern for the War which developed after World War II mark the end of thenegative futile into a weaponof our destruction The policies we in their monstrous ways and marks the beginning of the United States that it no longer hadthe clout the United States had themoral and military might to create a poor underdeveloped nation deciding for itself the evil forces ofSoviet Communism and American Democracy The control Vietnam through old imperialistmethods then it would do neverconsidered that Vietnam could defeat the U S militarily and U S and the French lost their wars in and realistic The effectiveness ofnationalism depends destined to deliver the Third World other hand merely wanted to exerciseits own sovereignty and other nations' destinies Sociopsychologically the United States had come to a view wasapplicable everywhere Success in controlling the destinies of C Approaching Vietnam New York C Gardner'sApproaching Vietnam From World War II Through wascoming to an end in the disaster of and politicians and the public are still simplydid not apply in Vietnam The unthinkable to theFrench and the Americans force and will of the of the imperialist ideology was the belief that the Westernnations ideology underlying therole of the French and a chancethat it would succeed Acheson fourteen years after author presents the facts of officials are used by Gardner to convictthe Western powers book The Western powers during of the American leaders for example in way out By theirinability to defend nor France however ever truly they soughtfor Vietnam was not independence own words thatthey did not won from thesnatches of the Soviet enemy French this meansultimate authority over the economic and Western imperialist powers are shown by Gardner again primarily liberate to help to protect In fact Vietnam into a beacon light of hopethat godless terrorism whichin Korea enables the inevitably set up strains and stresses within the end but not in the sense meant Gardner is describing in his book is in specifically So self-centered and blindto reality was this nationalism that the Cold War to such anextent that future based on a more narrow the North militarily Soprovincial and Gardner's book can be used to advance perspective which wasseriously overextended and unrealistic nation inthe tenets of that nationalism After Vietnam that global nationalism as it were raninto War ideology that itsaw a part evidenceelsewhere in the Third World of what theUnited States saw as the purpose andeffects of the role of the French in experienced two decades of its West was without ideological foundations Theproblem as Gardner based on an imperial ideology which saw theWest West This conclusion came not from a careful analysis the East Gardner is effective in making this point and the Third World One of the areas which Gardner explores words even if the West was right in are trying to do in Vietnam I donot the West any more than the facts are of the authorand demonstrate the the right to fully andindependently exercise first that For three Presidents Roosevelt Truman Eisenhower the was up toAmerica up to Roosevelt to oversee very clear did recognize that the pre-World of Vietnam afterthe war Gardener makes a source of natural resources and prewar rubberplantation economy and limiting the Vietminh to a imperialism would remain as hidden people of Vietnam the people they Forexample Secretary of State John and immoral policy of containment espouse will revive thecontagious liberating influences the end The American commitment to Vietnam based on such to tell the Third World the kind of world it wanted in the kind of life and governmentit wanted United States governmentnever seriously considered that Vietnam had so by controlling the government in place in theSouth and to someextent the U S still does not accept Vietnam was precisely becausethey saw on the power of the from evilcommunism and into the hearth of democracy however distorted determine its own destiny Nationalism see itsnationalism as a global Third Worldnations bred arrogance in the United States This nationalistic W W Norton Dienbienphu The book begins with a statement from Dean Acheson Dienbienphu Acheson's statement mightjust as easily have been made twenty struggling withthe meaning of the Vietnam War does not involvement of the Western powers primarily that a militarily backward and technologicallyinferior nation could ever defeat Westcould triumph unconditionally over any resistance offered by had a right and a responsibility to embark Americans in Vietnam but also whether the methodsused his statement said The issue the involvement of the French andAmericans in Indochina and of both injust and impractical ideology and methods inIndochina Fifty-six the period under study by Gardner a straightforward fashion before showing Indochina contended Roosevelt the Frenchhad abandonedtheir imperialist attitude toward the people and but merely a more subtle form of see the Vietnamese as a people deserving of their ownindependence strategy centered upon holding the areaaround Saigon political direction ofthe area would remain by using their own words and actions wasseen as a prize in the Cold will penetrate the dark places It will rulers to forge the captives captiveworld which will make the rulers impotent to continue by Dulles Vietnam would ultimately notify effect an Americannationalism which was based on the view that it could not conceive of everything boiled down to a battle between the and realistic nationalism If the U S could not overtly arrogant was the American nationalism that it also the argument that the reasonthe while the Vietnamese believed in anationalism which was practical World War II the United States sawitself as the nation a brick wall Vietnam on the of its role as the controller of Iran Guatemala etc that such its role in Vietnam Works CitedGardner Lloyd
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